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      <title>Dritte - Blog</title>
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      <copyright>Copyright 2008</copyright>
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         <title>Kenneth Keniston&apos;s keynote at NSDR 2008</title>
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<td><a href="http://web.mit.edu/~kken/Public/keniston.htm">Kenneth Keniston</a> is scheduled to give the keynote address at NSDR this year. The keynote will focus on key issues like lessons learnt from previous efforts e.g., in India, understanding the current ICT4D boom, and future directions for ICT professionals and researchers.<br><br>
Kenneth Keniston is Andrew W. Mellon Professor of Human Development at MIT and Director of the MIT India Program. He graduated magna cum laude from Harvard College. He received his D. Phil. from Oxford University, where he was a Rhodes Scholar. He has taught at Harvard, Yale, and MIT. He is the author of nine books including <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Experience-India-Bridging-Digital-Divide/dp/0761998306">IT Experience in India: Bridging the Digital Divide</a> and <a href="http://www.amazon.com/State-Development-R-K-Bagga/dp/0761933980">The State, IT, and Development</a>. 
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<br>More information on the keynote <a href="http://www.dritte.org/nsdr08/2008/07/keynote_speech.html">here</a>. More information on the NSDR 2008 program <a href="http://www.dritte.org/nsdr08/program.html">here</a>. ]]></description>
         <link>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2008/07/kenneth_kenistons_keynote_at_n.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2008/07/kenneth_kenistons_keynote_at_n.html</guid>
         <category>General</category>
         <pubDate>Thu, 17 Jul 2008 10:25:46 +0000</pubDate>
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         <title>New Scientist Features Poor Man&apos;s Broadband</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><img alt="nstechlogo.gif" src="http://www.dritte.org/blog/files/nstechlogo.gif" width="373" height="41" /></p>

<p>This week's issue of New Scientist has published <a href="http://technology.newscientist.com/channel/tech/mg19626305.900-poor-mans-broadband-has-a-turn-of-speed.html">an article on our research on Poor Man's Broadband</a>. This project has resulted in a modified version of a P2P system (BitTorrent) designed to bypass the "bottleneck of the Internet"  in the developing-world. The system employs direct point-to-point POTS connections to exchange data at the maximum speed afforded by a modem. This project was funded by Microsoft Research's Digital Inclusion Grant. </p>]]></description>
         <link>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2007/11/new_scientist_features_poor_ma.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2007/11/new_scientist_features_poor_ma.html</guid>
         <category>News / Updates</category>
         <pubDate>Fri, 16 Nov 2007 10:29:33 +0000</pubDate>
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         <title>Google&apos;s Android </title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p>Waiting for the "GPhone"? Well keep waiting because it will never come out, atleast not in the form that you thought it would. Say hello to <a href="http://code.google.com/android/">Android</a> instead - an open, and free mobile platform. There is a USD 10 million incentive (or bribe) for developers to start hacking on Android, called the <a href="http://code.google.com/android/adc.html">Android Developer Competition</a> (ADC). <strong>Applications in service of global economic development</strong> are included in ADC. For more information about Android, check out the demo below: </p>

<p><object width="425" height="355"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/1FJHYqE0RDg&rel=1"></param><param name="wmode" value="transparent"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/1FJHYqE0RDg&rel=1" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" wmode="transparent" width="425" height="355"></embed></object></p>]]></description>
         <link>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2007/11/googles_android.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2007/11/googles_android.html</guid>
         <category>Technical</category>
         <pubDate>Tue, 13 Nov 2007 09:55:57 +0000</pubDate>
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         <title>OLPC Review by NY Times </title>
         <description><![CDATA[NY Times reviews the features of the $100 laptop, i must admit that some of the features are pretty cool.  

<object width="425" height="366"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/BBoghPvyhts&rel=1&border=0"></param><param name="wmode" value="transparent"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/BBoghPvyhts&rel=1&border=0" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" wmode="transparent" width="425" height="366"></embed></object>]]></description>
         <link>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2007/10/olpc_review_by_ny_times.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2007/10/olpc_review_by_ny_times.html</guid>
         <category>General</category>
         <pubDate>Thu, 18 Oct 2007 18:51:14 +0000</pubDate>
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         <title>Meraki: Internet for the next billion</title>
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<a href="http://meraki.net/">Meraki</a> is coming ... well almost.<br><br> Founded by Ph.D. candidates from MIT (<a href="http://web.mit.edu/~biswas/">Sanjit Biswas</a> and others),  Meraki Networks is hoping to provide consumer wireless mesh Internet network designed to “unwire the world,” and bring Internet access to the next billion. Meraki recently <a href="http://meraki.net/news/2007/02/05/meraki-networks-closes-sequoia-capital-led-5-million-series-a-funding/">closed a $5 million funding</a> with <a href="http://www.sequoiacap.com/">Sequoia Capital</a> and Google is also financing them.<br><br>

Read their <a href="http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1080091.1080108">SIGCOMM ExOR paper</a> to get an idea of the underlying technologies behind Meraki products. This paper actually got the best paper award at <a href="http://www.sigcomm.org/sigcomm2005/">SIGCOMM'05</a>.<br><br>

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<img alt="meraki.jpg" src="http://meraki.net/images/meraki-in-ecuador-small.jpg" />
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<a href="http://nms.csail.mit.edu/~hari/">Hari Balakrishnan</a> and <a href="http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/~rtm/">Robert Morris</a> are on the technical advisory board of Meraki, and what I personally found amusing was this line in Robert Morris's bio in Meraki's team profile:

<blockquote>"In 1988 his discovery of buffer overflow first brought the Internet to the attention of the general public."</blockquote>

For those who don't know that line actually refers to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morris_worm">Morris Worm</a>. Quite an interesting way to refer to the Morris Worm!<br><br>

Since Meraki wants to enable Internet access for the next billion by solving the "last mile" problem then their products could make a lot of sense in the urban population of the developing countries where last mile is the main problem? ]]></description>
         <link>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2007/02/meraki_internet_for_the_next_b.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2007/02/meraki_internet_for_the_next_b.html</guid>
         <category>News / Updates</category>
         <pubDate>Mon, 12 Feb 2007 00:14:22 +0000</pubDate>
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         <title>Muhammad Yunus wins Nobel Peace Prize</title>
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Muhammad Yunus the founder of Microcredit concept and Grameen Bank won the Nobel Peace Prize 2006. Yunus has been a supporter for technology research for developing countries and now with the Nobel Peace Prize in his hand he could help bring the attention of world leaders towards ICT for developing countries.<br><br>

Read the CNN news article <a href="http://edition.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/europe/10/13/nobel.peace.winner.ap/">here</a>. 
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         <link>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2006/10/muhammad_yunus_wins_nobel_peac.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2006/10/muhammad_yunus_wins_nobel_peac.html</guid>
         <category>News / Updates</category>
         <pubDate>Fri, 13 Oct 2006 16:55:01 +0000</pubDate>
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         <title>Linux Mobile Phone (Qtopia Greenphone)</title>
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The power of Open Software Development comes to the Mobile Phones market with <a href="http://www.trolltech.com/">Trolltech</a> announcing the first Linux-based mobile development device that would open the doors to "unlimited" software innovation. Although it seems that the target market for this effort is not developing countries but I believe that this could have an enormous impact on technologies for developing regions. While the <a href="http://www.boston.com/business/technology/articles/2006/04/04/mit_professor_dismisses_laptop_criticism/">fate of the MIT $100 laptop</a> is yet to be decided, some critics (including myself) believe that "somehow" using mobile phones as the primary computing device in third world regions might be the way to go. The Greenphone effort by Trolltech is an encouraging step towards this direction. <br><br>

Completel story <a href="http://www.cbronline.com/article_news.asp?guid=79B12F42-9EB5-47ED-9CEF-78BD3D8F7D1A">here</a>.
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<img alt="linux_phone.jpg" src="http://www.dritte.org/blog/files/linux_phone.jpg" width="225" height="232" />
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         <link>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2006/08/linux_mobile_phone_qtopia_gree.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2006/08/linux_mobile_phone_qtopia_gree.html</guid>
         <category>News / Updates</category>
         <pubDate>Mon, 21 Aug 2006 15:36:53 +0000</pubDate>
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         <title> Development Gateway Award</title>
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The Development Gateway Foundation is calling for nominations from around the globe for the third annual Development Gateway Award. The award recognizes outstanding achievement in the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) to improve the lives of people in developing countries.<br><br>

More details <a href="http://www.developmentgateway.org/award">here</a>.
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         <link>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2006/07/_development_gateway_award.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2006/07/_development_gateway_award.html</guid>
         <category>General</category>
         <pubDate>Fri, 28 Jul 2006 01:17:03 +0000</pubDate>
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         <title>CFP: AI in ICT for Development</title>
         <description><![CDATA[The <a href="http://research.microsoft.com/workshops/ijcai07/ICTD.htm">call for papers</a> for the <strong>"AI in ICT for Development – Workshop"</strong> is up. The workshop would be held with <a href="http://www.ijcai-07.org">Twentieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence</a>.<br><br>
<table>
<tr><td><strong>Important Dates</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Abstract:</td><td> September 1, 2006</td></tr>
<tr><td>Submission:</td><td> September 25, 2006</td></tr>
<tr><td>Notification:</td><td> October 23, 2006</td></tr>
<tr><td>Camera-ready:</td><td> November 15, 2006</td></tr>
<tr><td>Workshop:</td><td> January 6-8 (exact date TBD), 2007</td></tr>
</table>]]></description>
         <link>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2006/07/cfp_ai_in_ict_for_development.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2006/07/cfp_ai_in_ict_for_development.html</guid>
         <category>News / Updates</category>
         <pubDate>Tue, 11 Jul 2006 00:37:13 +0000</pubDate>
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         <title>WiMAX rollout in Pakistan</title>
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<td> Developing countries like Pakistan have slow-Internet speed (mostly dialup connections) and less number of users covered (as a percent of the overall population). Can WiMAX change all that? I have been thinking about providing low-cost high-speed Internet connections to Pakistani users since the WiFi days and we launched an effort similar to <a href="http://www.iitk.ac.in/mladgp/">Digital Gangetic Plains</a> (low-cost rural connectivity for rural india). Read their <a href="http://www.cse.iitk.ac.in/users/braman/papers/inside-out.pdf">HotNets 2003 paper</a> for an overview. Such long-distance WiFi technologies could enable applications like rural healthcare e.g. <a href="http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/06/060606182623.htm">Aravind Eye Hospital</a>. When WiMAX plans were released (atleast to me) it seemed like WiMAX would simply override all these previous efforts of 802.11 mesh-networking or long-distance WiFi and it could be an ideal last-mile solution specially in third world countries where telephony connectivity is less in numbers and of low-quality. Deploying a WiMAX network in Pakistan seemed like an idea that even venture capitalists could be interested in. Recently, Motorola announced that <strong>"Pakistan to roll out the largest mobile WiMAX network yet"</strong>. So some big fish jumped in with the WiMAX roll out eventually! 
<br>Read the complete story from ZDNet <a href="http://news.zdnet.co.uk/communications/0,39020336,39270688,00.htm">here</a>.
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<img alt="WiMAX.jpg" src="http://www.dritte.org/blog/files/WiMAX.jpg" width="200" height="237" />
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         <link>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2006/06/wimax_rollout_in_pakistan.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2006/06/wimax_rollout_in_pakistan.html</guid>
         <category>News / Updates</category>
         <pubDate>Fri, 09 Jun 2006 17:37:34 +0000</pubDate>
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         <title>Next Generation Sensor Hardware</title>
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<img alt="36sunSPOTkit550x506.jpg" src="http://www.dritte.org/blog/files/36sunSPOTkit550x506.jpg" width="275" height="253" />
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<td>2006 brings new technology jumps in hardware for sensor network nodes. Sun released their <a href="http://www.sunspotworld.com/">SUN SPOT system</a> (image on the left). It uses a 32-bit processor and IEEE 802.15.4 compliant radio. See their <a href="http://research.sun.com/spotlight/SunSPOTSJune30.pdf">June 2005 white paper</a> for details.<br> <a href="http://embedded.seattle.intel-research.net/wiki/index.php?title=Intel_Mote_2">Intel Mote 2</a> is also a 32-bit sensor platform using the PXA271 INTEL XScale Processor and 802.15.4 radio. 
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         <link>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2006/06/next_generation_sensor_hardwar.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2006/06/next_generation_sensor_hardwar.html</guid>
         <category>General</category>
         <pubDate>Wed, 07 Jun 2006 12:27:52 +0000</pubDate>
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         <title>Wireless Networking in the Developing World</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<table>
<tr><td><img alt="wireless_book_cover.jpg" src="http://www.dritte.org/blog/files/wireless_book_cover.jpg" width="95" height="142" /> </td><td> "<a href="http://www.dritte.org/blog/files/Wndw-ebook.pdf">Wireless Networking in the Developing World</a>", a free book released under a Creative Commons license. They also have a <a href="http://wiki.wndw.net/">Wiki</a> for case studies, useful-sites, and translations. </td></tr>
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         <link>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2006/06/wireless_networking_in_the_dev_1.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2006/06/wireless_networking_in_the_dev_1.html</guid>
         <category>General</category>
         <pubDate>Wed, 07 Jun 2006 12:12:40 +0000</pubDate>
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         <title>The Four Digital Divides</title>
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Some interesting bed-time readings (mainly by <a href="http://web.mit.edu/~kken/Public/FILES/bio.htm">Kenneth Keniston</a>): 
<ul>
<li> <a href="http://web.mit.edu/~kken/Public/PAPERS/Intro_Sage.html">The Four Digital Divides</a>
<li><a href="http://web.mit.edu/~kken/Public/PAPERS/EPW_paper.html">IT for the Masses: Hope or Hype?</a>
</ul>
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<img alt="Digital-Divide1.gif" src="http://www.dritte.org/blog/files/Digital-Divide1.gif" width="160" height="232" /> 
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         <link>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2006/04/the_four_digital_divides.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2006/04/the_four_digital_divides.html</guid>
         <category>General</category>
         <pubDate>Tue, 25 Apr 2006 16:34:29 +0000</pubDate>
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         <title>Dritte Mailing List</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><img alt="mailman.jpg" src="http://www.dritte.org/blog/files/mailman.jpg" width="110" height="35" /> The Dritte mailing list  (dritte@mit.edu) has been created and you can <a href="http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/Dritte">subscribe to the Dritte mailing list</a>. </p>

<p>Kindly, keep in mind that Dritte mailing list is a closed list, which means your subscription will be held for approval. You will be notified of the list moderator's decision by email. This is also a private list, which means that the list of members is not available to non-members.</p>]]></description>
         <link>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2006/04/dritte_mailing_list.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2006/04/dritte_mailing_list.html</guid>
         <category>News / Updates</category>
         <pubDate>Wed, 12 Apr 2006 12:47:47 +0000</pubDate>
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         <title>Bill Gates mocks MIT&apos;s $100 laptop</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p>CNN reports on <a href="http://www.cnn.com/2006/TECH/ptech/03/16/gates.100.laptop.reut/index.html">"Bill Gates mocks MIT's $100 laptop"</a>. </p>

<blockquote>"If you are going to go have people share the computer, get a broadband connection and have somebody there who can help support the user, geez, get a decent computer where you can actually read the text and you're not sitting there cranking the thing while you're trying to type," Gates said. </blockquote>

<p>Ironically, Gates implies a Grameen bank's <a href="mailto:http://www.grameen-info.org/grameen/gtelecom/">Grameen Telecom</a> type of "shared use" model whereas <a href="http://laptop.media.mit.edu/">MIT's $100 laptop</a> has the theme <em>"One laptop per child"</em>. </p>

<p><img align="left" alt="MIT-100.jpg" src="http://www.dritte.org/blog/files/MIT-100.jpg" width="160" height="120" /><br />
I am just wondering what reactions should we expect from Bill Gates when we at Dritte announce our low-cost computing platforms which expect to go BELOW $100 :-) </p>

<p>Also, see a related story "<a href="http://www.eweek.com/article2/0,1895,1945967,00.asp">The Lessons of the $100 Laptop</a>"; they changed the hand crank design after Bill's comments!!! </p>]]></description>
         <link>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2006/03/bill_gates_mocks_mits_100_lapt.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.dritte.org/blog/2006/03/bill_gates_mocks_mits_100_lapt.html</guid>
         <category>News / Updates</category>
         <pubDate>Fri, 17 Mar 2006 21:31:12 +0000</pubDate>
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